en Nutrition Nutrition Review Review <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="tab-stops:409.5pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Background and Objectives: </span></span></b>Most studies in the field of nutrition focus on diet quantity and its relationships with health and diseases. However, effects of diet quality on disease development have not been investigated. Diet quality is a novel concept but its assessment is not carried out frequently because of difficulties in carrying out accurate assessments. Several indices have been developed to assess the overall diet quality of individuals and populations. Indices are diverse and each is used in a specific condition to achieve a certain goal. This article aimed to introduce the most importantly useful diet-quality indices and their uses to encourage their widespread uses.<span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="tab-stops:409.5pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Materials and Methods: </span></span></b>Using PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier and Google Scholar databases, keywords such as &ldquo;diet&rdquo;, &ldquo;diet quality&rdquo;, &ldquo;diet quality index&rdquo;, &ldquo;diet quality score&rdquo;, &ldquo;nutritional assessment&rdquo;, &ldquo;food intake pattern&rdquo; and &ldquo;nutritional pattern&rdquo; were used to gather data from 45 associated articles, all of which were used in this manuscript to introduce in detail and assess 13 diet quality indices.<span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="tab-stops:409.5pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Results: </span></span></b>For each index, previous research, current uses and use criteria were reported.<span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="tab-stops:409.5pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Conclusions: </span></span></b>To assess risks of chronic diseases and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, diet quality index, healthy eating index, alternative healthy eating index and healthy diet indicator can be used. For predicting breast cancer risks, diet quality index-revised and alternative healthy eating index can be benefitted. Assessing diet quality parallel to diet quantity renders a further complete assessment of the relationships between diet and disease.<span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Nutritional assessment, Diet quality index, Diet quality, Diet quality score 41 51 http://nfsr.sbmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-371-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sayed Reza Hojati hojatereza@yahoo.com 10031947532846006696 10031947532846006696 No Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran Fatemeh Rostamian fatemeh.rostamian7887@gmail.com 10031947532846006697 10031947532846006697 No Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran Sareh Eghtesad sarehe110@gmail.com 10031947532846006698 10031947532846006698 No Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mojtaba Farjam farjam.phd@gmail.com 10031947532846006699 10031947532846006699 No Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran Jalaledin Mirzay Razaz jmrazaz2018@gmail.com 10031947532846006700 10031947532846006700 No shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences sayed Hosein Davoodi hdavoodi1345@gmail.com 10031947532846006701 10031947532846006701 No shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Elham Ehrampoush ehrampoush@yahoo.com 10031947532846006702 10031947532846006702 No shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Reza Homayounfar r_homayounfar@yahoo.com 10031947532846006703 10031947532846006703 Yes shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences