en Nutrition Nutrition پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Background and Objectives:</b> <span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">Regular consumption of food contaminated with aflatoxins is associated with the prevalence of liver cancer in humans. Aflatoxin contamination of food occurs because of poor </span>handling practices during<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt"> drying, storage and processing. The cancer risk for children and adults, who consume contaminated maize and groundnut products with aflatoxins, was assessed. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Materials and Methods:</b> <span style="color:black">he level of aflatoxin was assessed using enzyme Enzyme-linked Linked immunosorbent Immunosorbent assay Assay. Cancer risk was characterized using margin of exposure and hepatocellular carcinoma risk.</span><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a name="_Hlk173482140"><b>Results:</b></a> <span style="color:black">The level of aflatoxins ranged from 2.94&ndash; to 3.38 &mu;g/kg in groundnuts and 2.25&ndash; to 2.38 &mu;g/kg in maize grains. Groundnut pastes and maize flours included aflatoxin levels of 2.12&ndash; to 2.53 &mu;g/kg and 1.51&ndash; to 1.54 &mu;g/kg, respectively. The quantities of aflatoxin in groundnuts and maize grains were correspondingly higher than those in the pastes and flours. Levels of aflatoxin were less than the maximum limit of 10 &micro;g/kg, set by the East African Community. The margin of exposure of 9.90&ndash;185.76 was less than the safety margin of 10000 for aflatoxin exposure in foods. The hepatocellular carcinoma risk varied between 0.94&ndash; and 49.86 cases/100,000 individuals/y with the values for children of being 2&ndash; to 3 times higher than the World Health Organization acceptable level of one cancer case/y/100,000 individuals.&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Conclusions:</b> <span style="color:black">Consumption of groundnut and maize products in Eastern Uganda is greatly a concern and should be prioritized as a public health problem.</span></span></span></span></span> Maize, Groundnuts, Aflatoxin, Cancer risk assessment, Uganda 17 27 http://nfsr.sbmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1154-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Robert Muyinda rmuyinda2014@gmail.com 10031947532846006885 10031947532846006885 Yes Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyambogo University, Uganda (U) Patrick Ogwok ogwokp@yahoo.com 10031947532846006886 10031947532846006886 No Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyambogo University, Uganda (U) Michael Bamuwamye micky831@yahoo.com 10031947532846006887 10031947532846006887 No Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyambogo University, Uganda (U)