:: Volume 8, Issue 2 (Apr-Jun 2021) ::
Nutr Food Health Dis 2021, 8(2): 1-4 Back to browse issues page
COVID-19 Epidemic-Induced Changes of Dietary Intake of Iran Population During Lockdown Period: The Study Protocol National Food and Nutrition Surveillance
Hamid Rasekhi , Samira Rabiei , Maryam Amini , Delaram Ghodsi , Azam Doustmohammadian , Bahareh Nikooyeh , Zahra Abdollahi , Mina Minaie , Farzaneh Sadeghi , Tirang R. Neyestani *
Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , neytr@yahoo.com
Abstract:   (4893 Views)
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent lockdown has multifaceted effects on people’s life including fall in economy which may affect food choices. This study was designed to evaluate changes in dietary intakes of the Iranian households during COVID-19 lockdown and also to predict the consequent health impacts.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study is conducted using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire. A previously developed platform is applied to develop the electronic questionnaire. A web link is created (https://digit.rabit.info/s/2ZRaVKMB.html) and the questionnaire is uploaded. An official letter from the Community Nutrition Office of the Ministry of Health is sent to the vice-chancellor in health affairs and the Community Nutrition Offices of the medical universities of all provinces. In that letter, the objectives of the study and the related link are explained and the provincial health and nutrition workers are requested to encourage the community under their service coverage to participate in the study through completing the questionnaire. In addition, the questionnaire link is distributed massively to all popular social media networks such as Telegram and WhatsApp.
Conclusions: Because of pandemic lockdown and consequent economic changes, it is expected that expensive food items, notably animal protein sources including meat, fish and poultry, to be less consumed. Be that as it may, the important questions are firstly what are the alternatives of these food items? and secondly what are the potential health consequences of these dietary shifts? This national survey will clarify the answers.
Keywords: Diet, Nutrition, COVID-19, Lockdown, Surveillance, Study Protocol
Full-Text [PDF 471 kb]   (1673 Downloads)    
Article type: Study Protocol | Subject: Nutrition
Received: 2021/03/31 | Accepted: 2021/03/30 | Published: 2021/04/7
References
1. Cevik M, Kuppalli K, Kindrachuk J, Peiris M. Virology, transmission, and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. bmj. 2020;371. [DOI:10.1136/bmj.m3862]
2. Ghadir MR, Ebrazeh A, Khodadadi J, Zamanlu M, Shams S, Nasiri M, et al. The COVID-19 Outbreak in Iran; The First Patient with a Definite Diagnosis. Arch Iran Med. 2020 2020/7/1;23(7):503-4. [DOI:10.34172/aim.2020.48]
3. Pourmalek F, Hemami MR, Janani L, Moradi-Lakeh M. Rapid review of COVID-19 epidemic estimation studies for Iran. BMC public health. 2021;21(1):1-30. [DOI:10.1186/s12889-021-10183-3]
4. Venkatesan P. COVID-19 in Iran: round 2. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020;20(7):784. [DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30500-4]
5. Atalan A. Is the lockdown important to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic? Effects on psychology, environment and economy-perspective. Annals of medicine and surgery. 2020;56:38-42. [DOI:10.1016/j.amsu.2020.06.010]
6. Asahi K, Undurraga EA, Valdés R, Wagner R. The effect of COVID-19 on the economy: Evidence from an early adopter of localized lockdowns. Journal of global health. 2021 Jan 16;11:05002. [DOI:10.7189/jogh.10.05002]
7. Lo YT, Chang YH, Lee MS, Wahlqvist ML. Health and nutrition economics: diet costs are associated with diet quality. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition. 2009;18(4):598-604.
8. French SA, Tangney CC, Crane MM, Wang Y, Appelhans BM. Nutrition quality of food purchases varies by household income: the SHoPPER study. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):231. [DOI:10.1186/s12889-019-6546-2]
9. Muhammad A, D'Souza A, Meade B, Micha R, Mozaffarian D. How income and food prices influence global dietary intakes by age and sex: evidence from 164 countries. BMJ global health. 2017;2(3):e000184. [DOI:10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000184]
10. Laguna L, Fiszman S, Puerta P, Chaya C, Tárrega A. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on food priorities. Results from a preliminary study using social media and an online survey with Spanish consumers. Food quality and preference. 2020;86:104028. [DOI:10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.104028]
11. Bracale R, Vaccaro CM. Changes in food choice following restrictive measures due to COVID-19. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2020;30(9):1423-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.numecd.2020.05.027]
12. Salois MJ, Tiffin R, Balcombe KG. Impact of income on nutrient intakes: implications for undernourishment and obesity. The Journal of Development Studies. 2012;48(12):1716-30. [DOI:10.1080/00220388.2012.658376]
13. Supady A. Consequences of the coronavirus pandemic for global health research and practice. Journal of global health. 2020;10(1):010366-. [DOI:10.7189/jogh.10.010366]
14. Nicola M, Alsafi Z, Sohrabi C, Kerwan A, Al-Jabir A, Iosifidis C, et al. The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review. International journal of surgery (London, England). 2020;78:185-93. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018]
15. Laborde D, Martin W, Swinnen J, Vos R. COVID-19 risks to global food security. Science. 2020;369(6503):500-2. [DOI:10.1126/science.abc4765]
16. O'Hara S, Toussaint EC. Food access in crisis: Food security and COVID-19. Ecological Economics. 2021;180:106859. [DOI:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106859]
17. Calder PC. Nutrition, immunity and COVID-19. BMJ Nutr Prev Health. 2020;3(1):74-92. [DOI:10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085]
18. Jayawardena R, Misra A. Balanced diet is a major casualty in COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 Sep-Oct;14(5):1085-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.001]
19. Arndt C, Davies R, Gabriel S, Harris L, Makrelov K, Robinson S, et al. COVID-19 lockdowns, income distribution, and food security: An analysis for South Africa. Global Food Security. 2020;26:100410. [DOI:10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100410]
20. Das A, Das M, Ghosh S. Impact of nutritional status and anemia on COVID-19: Is it a public health concern? Evidence from National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-2016), India. Public Health. 2020 Aug;185:93-4. [DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.001]

XML     Print

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 8, Issue 2 (Apr-Jun 2021) Back to browse issues page